Evidence-based · NIH · FDA · PubMed

Your health,
understood.

Every answer traces back to a named source at the NIH, FDA, or PubMed. Chairside brings symptom checks, nutrition, peptide research, and training into one place, and keeps your data on your device.

Cited
Every result
0%
Private · on-device
Free
No account needed
Vitals tracked
No account needed
Start here

What brings you to Chairside today?

Pick the sentence that sounds like you. It takes you straight to the right tool, with no account needed.

I have symptoms I want to understand
Health Assessment · 3 min
My mood or anxiety needs attention
Mental Health Check · PHQ-9 / GAD-7
I’ve picked up an injury
Injury Assessment · photo AI
I want to eat better or hit a weight goal
Nutrition Tracker · free AI coach
I have lab results I can’t decode
Blood & Lab Analyzer
I’m researching a peptide
Peptide Lab · evidence library
I need to stay on top of medications
Medication Tracker · reminders
I want a structured training plan
Fitness Planner · science-backed
For students · high school → college

Your semester runs on your health.

Shared dorms, all-nighters, dining-hall food, deadline anxiety — campus life has its own health profile. Chairside ships a dedicated Student Health Hub, with the daily tools around it. Free, private, no account.

18.4%Depression prevalence
23.6%Anxiety prevalence
63.2%Report poor sleep
34.5%High stress symptoms

Among university students — Ramón-Arbués et al. 2020 · doi:10.3390/ijerph17197001

What does this week look like?
Pick one — see the exact tools that help, in ten seconds.

Welcome back
Here’s your day at a glance.
0 kcal
Calories · 74%
0g
Protein
0 / 8
Water cups
0h
Sleep
0
Day streak

Your health systems

Your most-used tools. See every program below.

Jump back in

AI Health Assessment

Symptom, mental-health, sports-injury and peptide checks, reasoned against NIH & MedlinePlus, in plain language.

Last assessment · 4 days ago
Mental Injury Peptide
Calorie + macro tracker

Nutrition

Log, scan a barcode, build recipes, with a micronutrient gap scan.

522 kcal left today

Fitness

Science-backed plans.

Upper body next

Health Dashboard

5 metricstracked

Mood Journal

Track mind & mood

Logged today

Sleep

Rest & wearables

7.4h last night

Lab Ranges

Understand results

In range · 2 results

Medications

3 todaynext 6:00 pm

Blood Pressure

Log & trend

118/76 today

Peptide Lab

Evidence library

12 in library

Student Health

Campus wellbeing

8 resources
60-second demos · sample data

Don't take our word for it. Try it.

Four working miniatures of the real tools. Poke them — nothing you tap here is saved, and no account is made.

Symptom Checker

Pick a symptom — watch it weigh causes, not just match keywords.

LIVE
Pick a symptom above to see a ranked, cited read in seconds.

Nutrition Tracker

Tap meals into the ring — the coach reads the pattern, not just the total.

LIVE
0/ 2,000 kcal
P0 / 130g
C0 / 250g
F0 / 70g
Tap a meal to log it — barcode and photo logging do this in the full tracker.

Fitness Planner

Slide your week — volume rebalances to the evidence, live.

LIVE
Push0
Pull0
Legs0
Core0
Hard sets per muscle group, per week.

Peptide Lab

Hype vs. evidence — see how honestly each compound grades out.

LIVE
C
BPC-157 · evidence grade
0 indexed studies · 1 small human pilot
Almost all evidence is rodent data — yet it's sold widely. That gap is exactly what the library shows you.
Graded from PubMed-indexed literature

Everything in Chairside

Every program in one place. Tap any card to jump straight in.

15 programs

Health Assessment

AI checks for symptoms, mental health, injury & peptides

Symptom Checker

Describe what you feel, get evidence-based guidance

Nutrition Tracker

Calories, macros, micronutrients & meal planning

Fitness Planner

Workout plans built around your goals

Blood Pressure

Log readings and see your category & trend

Sleep

Duration, consistency & quality vs CDC and NIH

Wearables

Import steps, heart rate, sleep & weight

Mood Journal

Track mood and mental wellbeing over time

Medications

Adherence tracking plus a condition guide

Lab Tracker

Track 14 lab markers against reference ranges

Lab Analyzer

Turn a lab report into plain language

Peptide Lab

Evidence-based peptide research, fully cited

Student Health

Health resources tailored for students

Reminders

Never miss a medication or check-in

Cloud Sync

Back up and sync your data securely

Assessments that follow the evidence

Each one draws on peer-reviewed clinical literature and validated screening instruments from the National Library of Medicine.

MEDICAL AI 22 QUESTIONS
Medical Health Assessment

22 targeted questions covering physical symptoms, duration, severity, and history. AI analyses the complete pattern and identifies the most likely condition, with urgency rating, specialist referral, and nearby hospital finder.

MENTAL HEALTH AI PHQ-9 · GAD-7 · PCL-5
Mental Health Assessment

15 questions adapted from validated clinical tools including PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PCL-5. Identifies depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar spectrum, eating disorders, and more, with severity rating, crisis resources, and local mental health support groups near you.

INJURY AI OTTAWA RULES · PHOTO
Sports Injury Assessment

AI-powered injury analysis with optional photo upload. Applies Ottawa Rules and clinical prediction rules to assess fracture risk, ligament damage, and muscle injury severity, with RICE protocol, return-to-sport timeline, and specialist referral.

PEPTIDE AI 14 COMPOUNDS
Peptide Fitness Assessment

10 questions covering fitness goals, body composition, training style, health conditions, and monthly budget. Matches you to the optimal peptide protocol from 14 profiled compounds, with verified 2026 pricing and PubMed-sourced mechanism explanations.

NUTRITION 3M+ FOODS · AI LOGGING
Calorie Tracker

Log meals, search foods, and scan product barcodes to track your daily nutrition. Set calorie goals and monitor macros, all stored privately in your browser.

N NIH
M MedlinePlus
P PubMed
F FDA
See your Health Report

Where every Chairside answer comes from

Every answer Chairside gives traces to a named source. Here is the pipeline behind each assessment, meal target, and protocol.

01
Validated clinical instruments
PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PCL-5 screeners and the Ottawa Rules are built directly into the assessment logic, the same tools used in clinics.
02
Live biomedical literature
Assessment prompts carry real PMIDs and DOIs from PubMed at the National Library of Medicine, so AI conclusions cite peer-reviewed studies.
03
Reference standards, not opinions
NIH laboratory reference ranges, FDA labelling, NASEM macronutrient targets, and Mifflin–St Jeor energy mathematics power the numbers you see.
04
Private by design
Your health data stays on your device by default. No account required, nothing sold, nothing shared.

Log a meal, see where you stand

The everyday workflow runs on USDA food data and NASEM macronutrient targets, with an AI coach for daily insight.

A healthy plate of salmon, vegetables and quinoa beside a smartphone running the Chairside calorie tracker with a green progress ring and macro bars
1. Capture any meal
Type it, snap a photo, or scan the barcode. AI identifies the foods and macros across 3M+ products.
2. Watch it respond
The energy ring, pace chip and macro tiles update live against your Mifflin–St Jeor target.
3. Ask the AI coach
One tap for a daily insight, or a next-meal suggestion sized to the calories and macros you have left.
4. Numbers you can trust
USDA FoodData Central values, NASEM macro targets, and everything stays on your device.

Does more than the paid trackers

MyFitnessPal puts core features behind an $80-a-year paywall, and Foodnoms stays Apple-only. Chairside runs on any device and grounds its guidance in real evidence, with the AI free for everyone.

Chairside BEST VALUE
MyFitnessPal Foodnoms
Price Free
Pro optional
$79.99 / yr $39.99 / yr
Works on every device: web, Android, iPhone, desktop Web · Android · iOS iOS & Android Apple only
Barcode scanning Free Premium only
AI photo & text meal logging Free Premium Paid
AI coaching: daily insight & next-meal suggestions
AI micronutrient gap analysis: names foods to fix gaps
Whole-health platform: symptoms, mind, labs, meds, fitness Nutrition only Nutrition only
Evidence-grounded: NIH, NASEM & PubMed cited Crowdsourced data Apple Health sync
No account required
Private: data stays on your device

Competitor pricing and features as of June 2026, from each provider’s public listings; details may change. Comparison reflects standard consumer plans.

Privacy & security

Nothing to breach, nothing to sell

Your diet and health history is some of the most sensitive data you own. Chairside keeps it on your device by default, with no account required.

On-device by default
Your logs, weights and history stay in your browser, not on our servers.
No account required
Use every tool immediately. No sign-up, no email harvested, no profile built.
No ads, no data brokers
Chairside shows no ads and shares nothing with advertising or marketing partners.
Payments stay with Stripe
Card details go straight to Stripe. Chairside never sees or stores them.
Why this matters
In 2018 a leading nutrition app disclosed a breach of roughly 150 million accounts, and major trackers today share user data with advertising partners by default. Chairside collects none of that, so there is nothing to leak, sell, or profile. You cannot breach data that was never collected.

Breach figure: publicly disclosed February 2018 incident affecting ~150M accounts. Data-sharing reflects competitors’ published privacy policies as of 2025. Chairside stores data locally by default; some optional features (e.g. AI) send only the data needed for that request.

Common questions

Does Chairside work on Android and the web?

Yes. Chairside runs in any modern browser and installs as an app on iPhone, Android, and desktop. No app store required, so there is no platform you are locked out of.

Is barcode scanning free in Chairside?

Yes. Barcode scanning is free in Chairside, drawing on the Open Food Facts database, with no paywall and no premium tier.

Is my health data private with Chairside?

Yes. Your data is stored on your own device by default, no account is required, and Chairside shows no ads and shares nothing with advertising partners. There is no central account database to breach.

What can Chairside’s AI do that other trackers can’t?

Chairside’s AI estimates which vitamins and minerals you are short on from a week of logged food, measured against NIH and NASEM reference intakes, and names the specific foods that close each gap. It also gives a daily insight and next-meal suggestions. Most trackers only show numbers; Chairside interprets them.

Simple process

From question to answer
in under 3 minutes.

No account needed. No data stored on our servers. Every assessment runs privately in your browser and is powered by the same AI used by researchers at leading medical institutions.

1
Choose your focus

Pick the right assessment for you

Four specialist assessment types: General Medical, Mental Health (PHQ-9 / GAD-7 / PCL-5 validated), Sports Injury with AI vision analysis, and Peptide Research. Each is independently structured for its clinical domain.

Medical Mental Health Injury Peptide Lab
General Medical
Symptom analysis • Hospital finder
Mental Health
PHQ-9 • GAD-7 • PCL-5 validated
Selected
2
Smart questions

Answer clinically-structured questions

Questions are drawn from validated clinical screening frameworks, the same tools used by physicians worldwide. Adaptive branching means you only answer what's relevant to your situation. Takes 2–4 minutes.

100% private. Nothing leaves your browser. No account required.
Question 3 of 9

Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things?

Not at all
Several days ✓
More than half the days
Nearly every day
3
AI analysis

Chairside AI cross-references 35M+ medical papers

Your answers are analysed by Chairside AI against live data from PubMed / NLM, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ChEMBL. The AI applies the same diagnostic logic found in peer-reviewed triage research (Almulihi et al. 2024, doi:10.5455/medarh.2024.78.198-206).

Read the PubMed source paper
Querying PubMed / NLM
Matching PHQ-9 score profile
Cross-referencing 2,847 related studies
Checking active clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov)
Generating clinical recommendations...
4
Your results

A full clinical picture, instantly

Your assessment includes: likely condition with confidence context, evidence-based next steps, specialist type to see, nearest hospitals and clinics (GPS-located), active clinical trials for your condition, and for mental health, SAMHSA-verified local support resources.

AI Assessment Complete
Generalised Anxiety Disorder
GAD-7 Score: 12 · Moderate severity
See a psychiatrist or GP within 1-2 weeks
4 active trials nearby • ClinicalTrials.gov
3 SAMHSA-verified support groups within 5 miles
Not a diagnosis. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider.

Built for patients first

50+
Conditions recognised

Adaptive single and multi-select questioning enables clinically accurate pattern recognition across 50+ conditions.

1-tap
Hospital directions

Urgent cases surface the nearest hospitals and urgent care centres from OpenStreetMap, with one-tap Google Maps directions.

5
Local providers per result

Mental health results auto-search SAMHSA FindTreatment.gov, returning up to 5 licensed facilities near your location.

120+
Countries covered

GPS, network IP, backup IP, or timezone inference: location always resolves. No setup needed, anywhere in the world.

0
Records stored

No account, no tracking, no storage. All answers are processed in real time and never retained, logged, or shared.

PubMed · NLM
Research-informed

Every assessment decision traces to peer-reviewed literature indexed in the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed, NPJ Digital Medicine, and JMIR.

FREE NEWSLETTER

Evidence-based health, in your inbox

One short weekly email with PubMed-backed insights on peptides, nutrition, and longevity. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.

Grounded in peer-reviewed evidence

Every clinical decision this tool makes is traceable to a published, peer-reviewed source. All citations are openly accessible via PubMed.

NPJ Digital Medicine · 2022
Accuracy of online symptom checkers in primary care and emergency settings
Wallace et al. · doi:10.1038/s41746-022-00667-w
View on PubMed
JMIR · 2023
AI-powered symptom assessment and specialist referral accuracy in digital triage
Riboli-Sasco et al. · doi:10.2196/43803
View on PubMed
Int J Environ Res Public Health · 2020
Depression, anxiety and stress in college students: prevalence and associations
Ramón-Arbúes et al. · doi:10.3390/ijerph17197001
View on PubMed

Our commitment to patient safety

Chairside was built with one purpose: to help people understand their symptoms and know when to seek care, without replacing the clinical judgement of a qualified healthcare professional.

Every assessment response is processed in real time and immediately discarded. No health data is ever stored, sold, or shared. Location is used only to surface nearby care resources and is never transmitted to any server.

3
Assessment types
50+
Conditions
0
Data retained
120+
Countries

College and university students face unique health risks.

Based on PubMed research, 18.4% of college students experience depression, 23.6% experience anxiety, and 63.2% report poor sleep quality. Shared living, academic pressure, and new social environments create a distinct risk profile. The Student Health Hub is designed specifically for this demographic.

Depression
18.4% of college students
Anxiety
23.6% of college students
Sleep Disorders
63.2% report poor sleep
Glandular Fever
Peak age: 15–24 years
Eating Disorders
Anorexia & bulimia on campus
Meningitis
Higher risk in dorm residents

Understand peptides.
Optimise your goals.

Our AI Lab draws on peer-reviewed PubMed research and ChEMBL molecular data to match the right peptide to your body goals, with verified 2026 pricing built in.

BPC-157
Tissue repair · ChEMBL4297358
CJC-1295
GH release · 8-day half-life
Retatrutide
Phase 3 · Fat loss ~24%
MOTS-c
AMPK activation · Metabolic

Research resources & further reading

Every resource below is from a peer-reviewed, government, or internationally recognised clinical authority. All are free to access.

All resources above are from government health authorities, international medical organisations, or peer-reviewed academic databases. Chairside has no commercial relationship with any of these organisations. All links open in a new tab.
Built to be usable by everyone

Using Chairside

New to health apps? Start here.

No account, no sign-up, nothing to install. Three things worth knowing:

1Your data stays with you

Everything you log is saved on your own device by default, not on a server, and never sold.

2Pick one tool to try

Start small: log a medication, a blood-pressure reading, or run a symptom assessment. You can't break anything.

3It prepares, it doesn't replace

Chairside helps you understand your health and get ready for a clinician. It isn't a diagnosis or a substitute for one.

What works without a connection

No internet is the single most common barrier people report with health apps. Most of Chairside runs entirely on your device, so it keeps working on a weak or missing signal. Only the AI features need to be online.

Works fully offline
Medication Tracker Lab Tracker Blood Pressure Mood Journal Sleep Log Calorie & macro tracking Health calculators Peptide library
Needs a connection
AI Health Assessment AI nutrient & meal insights AI fitness coaching Cloud Sync Nearby facilities

Get an evidence-based symptom assessment

Private, secure, and clinically structured. No registration required.

Privacy Policy

Your data stays yours.

Effective 7 July 2026
The short version
  • Your health data lives in your browser on your own device. There is no Chairside account database.
  • Optional features send only what they need: AI questions you type, food searches, payment details to Stripe, and Cloud Sync records if you sign in.
  • Nothing is sold. The app contains no advertising or analytics trackers.
  • You can erase everything by clearing this site’s data, and delete any cloud records at any time.

1. Who we are

Chairside (“we”, “us”) operates www.chairside.app from the United States. For anything in this policy, contact [email protected].

2. Data stored on your device

Everything you log is saved in your browser’s local storage on your own device, not on our servers. This includes:

Because this data never leaves your device by default, it is also under your control alone. Clearing your browser data for this site permanently erases it, and we cannot recover it for you.

3. What we do not do

We do not sell or rent personal information. The app contains no advertising networks and no analytics or fingerprinting trackers. We do not operate a database of your health records unless you choose to enable Cloud Sync.

4. Optional features that send data

AI features. When you run an AI-powered feature, the text you enter, your assessment answers, and any file you attach (an injury photo or a lab report) are sent over an encrypted connection to our serverless proxy and passed to an AI model provider to generate your answer. This content is used to produce the response. Avoid including details you would not want processed, such as your full name alongside a health record.

Cloud Sync (off by default). If you sign in, your email and password (or Google sign-in) are processed by Base44, our sync provider. Synced records currently include your weight history and analysed lab reports, including files you upload, stored privately against your account. You can sign out at any time, and deleting a record removes the cloud copy.

Payments. Pro upgrades are processed by Stripe. Your card details go directly to Stripe, and we never see or store card numbers. We receive your subscription status so the app can unlock Pro features.

Food search. Search terms and barcodes are forwarded through our proxy to USDA FoodData Central and FatSecret to return nutrition data.

Location. Used only when you open the hospital, clinic or support finders. With your permission we use GPS; otherwise coarse network or timezone inference. Coordinates are used for the lookup, including queries to SAMHSA’s findtreatment.gov, and are not stored by us.

Content delivery. Fonts and icons load from public content delivery networks. As with any website, this shares your IP address with the CDN.

5. Legal bases

Where such laws apply, we process data with your consent (the optional features above), to perform our contract with you (Pro subscriptions), and for our legitimate interests in running and securing the service.

6. Retention

On-device data stays until you clear it. Cloud Sync records stay until you delete them or ask us to. Payment records are kept by Stripe under its own policy and by us only as required for tax and accounting.

7. Your rights and choices

You can use Chairside with no account at all. You can delete on-device data at any time from your browser, and cloud records from within the app or by emailing us. If you are in the EU or UK you also have rights of access, rectification, erasure, portability and objection, and may complain to your supervisory authority. California residents: we do not sell personal information or share it for cross-context behavioural advertising.

8. Security

Connections use HTTPS. API keys are held server-side, never in your browser. Uploaded files use short-lived signed URLs. No method of transmission or storage is perfectly secure, which is one reason Chairside keeps your data local by default.

9. Children

Chairside is not directed to children under 13. Users aged 13 to 17 should use Chairside with a parent or guardian’s consent. If you believe a child has provided cloud data, contact us and we will remove it.

10. International use

The optional features above are processed in the United States. Using them from elsewhere transfers that data to the US.

11. Changes

We will post any changes here and update the effective date above. Material changes will be highlighted in the app.

12. Contact

Questions or requests: [email protected].

See also: ·

Terms of Service

The agreement, in plain words.

Effective 7 July 2026
The short version
  • Chairside is an educational health tool. It is not a doctor and does not give medical advice.
  • In an emergency, call your local emergency number. In the US that is 911, or 988 for a mental health crisis.
  • Your data stays on your device, so keep your own backups. Pro is billed through Stripe and can be cancelled at any time.
  • Use the app lawfully, and verify anything important with a clinician.

1. Agreement

By using Chairside you agree to these terms. If you do not agree, please do not use the platform. You must be at least 13 years old; if you are under 18, use Chairside with a parent or guardian’s consent.

2. The service

Chairside provides health information tools: assessments, nutrition and fitness tracking, lab explanations, medication tracking and a peptide research library. A free tier is available and may include usage limits. Chairside Pro adds capacity and features, as described at checkout.

3. Not medical advice

Chairside is for information and education only. It does not provide diagnosis, treatment or prescriptions, and using it does not create a clinician-patient relationship. Never disregard professional medical advice, or delay seeking it, because of something you read in Chairside. Read the full .

4. Emergencies

Chairside is not for emergencies. If you may be experiencing one, call your local emergency number immediately. In the United States call 911, or call or text 988 for the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. The app lists emergency numbers for other countries.

5. AI-generated content

AI answers are generated automatically and can be incomplete, out of date or wrong. Chairside shows the sources behind each answer so you can verify them. You are responsible for decisions you make based on the app.

6. Peptides and supplements

Peptide content is a research summary, not an endorsement or an instruction to use any compound. Regulatory status varies by country, and many compounds are not approved for human use where you live. Buying or possessing some compounds may be restricted. Speak with a licensed clinician before considering any of them.

7. Your content and data

Your entries belong to you. Because Chairside stores them on your device, clearing your browser or losing the device can erase them. Keep your own backups where export options are offered. You are responsible for the accuracy of what you enter.

8. Accounts

Cloud Sync is optional. If you create a sign-in, keep your credentials safe; activity under your account is your responsibility.

9. Subscriptions and billing

Pro is billed through Stripe at the price shown at checkout and renews automatically until cancelled. You can cancel at any time and keep access until the end of the paid period. Where consumer law grants refund rights, those apply; otherwise fees are non-refundable except at our discretion. Taxes may apply.

10. Acceptable use

Do not use Chairside unlawfully; attempt to break, overload, probe or scrape the service; reverse engineer it beyond what law permits; resell its outputs as medical services without an appropriate professional licence; or impersonate others.

11. Intellectual property

The app, its design, text and code belong to Chairside. You receive a personal, non-transferable licence to use it. Cited third-party sources, including the NIH, FDA, PubMed and MedlinePlus, remain the property of their owners, and citation is not endorsement.

12. Third-party services

Stripe, Base44, USDA FoodData Central, FatSecret, content delivery networks and linked websites operate under their own terms and privacy policies.

13. Service provided as is

Chairside is provided “as is” and “as available”, without warranties of any kind, including accuracy, availability or fitness for a particular purpose.

14. Limitation of liability

To the maximum extent permitted by law, Chairside is not liable for indirect, incidental or consequential damages, and our total liability is capped at the greater of USD 50 or the fees you paid in the previous 12 months. Some jurisdictions do not allow certain limits, so parts of this section may not apply to you.

15. Indemnity

You agree to hold Chairside harmless from claims arising out of your misuse of the service or breach of these terms.

16. Changes

We may update the service and these terms. Continued use after changes take effect means you accept them. Material changes will be highlighted in the app.

17. Governing law

These terms are governed by the laws of the State of Iowa, United States, and disputes belong to the courts located in Iowa. If you are a consumer, you keep any protections that the law of your home country makes mandatory.

18. General

If any part of these terms is found unenforceable, the rest remains in effect. These terms are the entire agreement between you and Chairside about the service. You may not assign them; we may assign them as part of a reorganisation or sale.

19. Contact

Questions about these terms: [email protected].

See also: ·

Medical Disclaimer

What Chairside is, and what it is not.

Effective 7 July 2026
The short version
  • Chairside explains health information. It does not diagnose, treat or prescribe.
  • For medical care, see a licensed clinician.
  • For an emergency, call your local emergency number now. In the US call 911, or 988 for a mental health crisis.

1. Educational purpose

Everything in Chairside, including assessments, trackers, the peptide library and AI answers, is general health information provided for education. It is not medical advice, and it is not tailored to your full medical history.

2. No professional relationship

Using Chairside does not create a doctor-patient or any other professional relationship. Nothing here is a consultation, examination or second opinion.

3. Emergencies

Chest pain, trouble breathing, signs of stroke, severe bleeding, sudden confusion, or thoughts of harming yourself need emergency care now. Call your local emergency number immediately. In the United States call 911, or call or text 988 for the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. Chairside lists emergency numbers for other countries inside the assessment tools.

4. Screening is not diagnosis

Instruments used in Chairside, such as the PHQ-9, GAD-7, PCL-5 and the Ottawa Rules, are validated screening aids. A score can suggest that something deserves attention; only a qualified clinician can diagnose you.

5. AI limitations

AI answers are generated from patterns in data. They can be incomplete, out of date or simply wrong, and they can miss things a clinician would catch. Every Chairside result cites its sources, including the NIH, FDA, PubMed and MedlinePlus, so you can check them yourself and bring them to your clinician.

6. Peptides and research compounds

The Peptide Lab summarises published research for education. It is not an endorsement, a recommendation or an instruction to obtain or use any compound. Approval status varies by country, many compounds are not approved for human use, and dosing figures reflect ranges studied in research rather than advice. Talk to a licensed clinician before considering any compound, and confirm what the law where you live allows.

7. Nutrition and fitness

Nutrition targets and training plans are general wellness guidance. Pregnancy, medical conditions, a history of disordered eating, or prescription medication all call for personalised advice from a professional before you change your diet or training.

8. Your responsibility

You use Chairside at your own discretion and risk. When something matters, verify it with a professional. The set out the limits of our liability.

See also: ·
Clinical assessments · NLM-grounded

What would you like checked?

Each path uses validated screening instruments and peer-reviewed clinical criteria. Pick the one that fits. You can switch any time.

These assessments give general, educational information, not a diagnosis or treatment. If this may be an emergency, call your local emergency number: 911 (US/Canada), 999 (UK), 112 (Europe/GSM), 000 (Australia). 112 works worldwide from most mobiles.

Analysing your symptoms…

Reasoning against clinical literature. This takes a few seconds.

—

—

    Your next step is a real clinician
    This assessment is here to prepare you for that conversation, not to diagnose you or replace it. The most useful thing you can do now is take what you learned here to a person who can examine you.
    Bring this to your appointment
    When your symptoms started, how they've changed, and what makes them better or worse
    Every medication and supplement you take (your Medication Tracker list)
    Any relevant lab results and the questions they raised (Lab Tracker)
    The condition and urgency shown above, plus what you most want answered
    Don't wait for an appointment if symptoms are severe. Chest pain, trouble breathing, sudden weakness or numbness, confusion, severe bleeding, or thoughts of harming yourself need emergency care now. Call your local emergency number (911 in the US) or go to the nearest emergency department.
    This AI assessment is not a medical diagnosis. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider for evaluation and treatment.
    Set a follow-up reminder
    Add a check-in to your calendar so you don't forget to act on this assessment
    When should we remind you?
    Google Calendar opens in a new tab with your assessment details pre-filled. The .ics file works with Apple Calendar, Outlook, and any calendar app.
    Email yourself a copy
    Optional

    Enter your email below to generate a pre-written email with your assessment summary. This opens your email app. Your address is never sent to any server. It is used only to build the mailto: link locally in your browser.

    Privacy guarantee: Your email address is used only to populate the mailto: link in your browser. It is never transmitted to Chairside, Anthropic, or any third party. No account is created. You can delete it at any time by clearing this field. We do not use your email for marketing.
    PubMed-Referenced Research

    Peptide Research Lab

    Explore evidence-based information on therapeutic peptides: what they do, generalised dose ranges from clinical research, and which goals they support. All research sourced from PubMed / National Library of Medicine.

    Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational and research purposes only. Peptide compounds may be prescription-only or unregulated in your jurisdiction. Never self-administer any peptide without consultation with a licensed physician. Dosing information reflects ranges studied in published research, not personal medical advice.

    AI Goal Matcher: Find Your Peptide

    Describe your health goal or what you're trying to achieve, and the AI will recommend relevant peptides based on published research, with a brief explanation of why each is relevant.

    Filter by muscle group or goal
    Quick goals
    Or describe your own goal

    Reconstitution & Dosing Calculator

    Vial mg + bacteriostatic water → exact insulin-syringe units

    PRO
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    Concentration
    2.5 mg/mL
    2500 mcg/mL
    Volume per dose
    0.10 mL
    Doses per vial
    20 injections
    This calculator performs unit arithmetic only and is not medical advice or a dosing recommendation. Dose ranges shown reflect figures reported in published research (see citations per compound), not personalised guidance. Never self-administer without a licensed physician. Source framework: PubMed / National Library of Medicine.

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    Data source: Molecular formulas, SMILES strings, and mechanism of action data retrieved live from ChEMBL (European Bioinformatics Institute) — the world's largest open-access database of bioactive drug-like molecules. Chemical visualizations rendered from verified SMILES notation.

    Research-Profiled Peptides — Chemistry & Mechanism

    Retatrutide (LY3437943)

    Phase 3 Trial ChEMBL5095485

    Triple Agonist · GLP-1R / GIPR / GcgR · Eli Lilly

    Hunger suppression Metabolism boostWeight lossGlucose controlEnergy expenditure
    Chemical Makeup — How Structure Drives Function
    AA AA Aib AA C18 AA AA AA GLP-1 Receptor↓ hunger / ↑ insulin GIP Receptor↑ metabolism Glucagon Receptor↑ energy burn C18 fatty acid chain → half-life ↑ 6 days N-terminus C-terminus
    How Retatrutide's chemical structure drives fat loss and metabolism:
    Retatrutide is a 39-amino acid peptide engineered to simultaneously activate three separate receptor types — GLP-1R, GIPR, and GcgR — by having three distinct binding regions built into a single backbone chain. The C18 fatty acid chain (pink node) is chemically conjugated to the lysine at position 17, dramatically extending its half-life to approximately 6 days by binding to albumin in the bloodstream. The α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) substitutions in the backbone prevent enzymatic degradation that would otherwise break the peptide down within minutes. The net biological result: the GLP-1R arm suppresses appetite via vagal nerve signalling, the GIPR arm amplifies insulin release and improves lipid metabolism, and the GcgR arm directly increases energy expenditure in adipose tissue — producing additive weight loss exceeding that of any single-agonist peptide.
    Generalised Dose Range (Phase 3 Clinical Trials)
    Starting dose: 2 mg/week SC
    Max trial dose: 12 mg/week SC
    Phase 3 weight loss: ~24% body weight
    Half-life: ~6 days (weekly dosing)
    Phase 3 trials ongoing (ChEMBL5095485). Not yet approved. Prescription only when approved. Common side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea.

    BPC-157 (Bepecin)

    Phase 1 Trials ChEMBL4297358

    C₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂ · MW 1419.56 Da · 15 amino acids · Gastric pentadecapeptide

    Tissue repair Tendon healing Angiogenesis Gut protection
    Verified Chemical Structure (ChEMBL · SMILES)
    Gly Glu Pro Pro Pro Gly Lys Pro Ala Asp Asp Ala Gly His Val 3× Pro = rigid scaffold → stability Lys → VEGF receptor activation Asp+Asp → angiogenic signal His → nitric oxide signalling
    How BPC-157's structure causes tissue healing:
    ChEMBL confirms BPC-157's molecular formula as C₆₂H₉₈N₁₆O₂₂ (MW 1419.56 Da). The three consecutive proline residues (Pro-Pro-Pro) create a rigid structural scaffold that makes this peptide unusually stable in the gut — unlike most peptides which are digested by stomach acid. The lysine residue (Lys7) activates VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) receptors, directly triggering new blood vessel growth into damaged tissue. The two consecutive aspartate residues (Asp10-Asp11) send a pro-angiogenic signal that also upregulates growth hormone receptors locally. Finally, the histidine residue (His14) modulates nitric oxide synthesis, dilating local blood vessels and improving nutrient delivery to the repair site. Together these structural features produce the wound-healing cascade observed in PubMed-indexed studies from Loughborough University (2019) and the University of Zagreb (2021).
    Generalised Dose Range (Research)
    SC/IM injection: 200–500 mcg/day
    Oral (capsule): 500–1000 mcg/day
    Cycle: 4–6 weeks
    Timing: AM, empty stomach
    Phase 1 trials only. Human RCT evidence limited — most data from rodent models (PubMed indexed). Physician consultation required.
    Cell Tissue Res 2019 Front Pharmacol 2021 ChEMBL Record

    Semaglutide & Tirzepatide

    FDA Approved CHEMBL2108724 / CHEMBL4297839

    Semaglutide: GLP-1R Agonist (Ozempic/Wegovy) · Tirzepatide: Dual GIP+GLP-1R Agonist (Mounjaro/Zepbound)

    Fat loss Glucose control Cardiovascular Cholesterol
    Mechanism Comparison — Single vs Dual Agonist (ChEMBL verified)
    SEMAGLUTIDE GLP-1 Receptor ↓ appetite · ↑ insulin · ↓ glucagon C18 fatty acid → 7-day half-life −15% body wt (JAMA 2024) ↓ HbA1c 1.8% (BMJ 2024) vs TIRZEPATIDE GLP-1 Receptor ↓ appetite · ↑ insulin GIP Receptor ↑ metabolism · ↑ lipid clearance Dual agonist on single backbone −22% body wt (JAMA 2024) ↓ HbA1c 2.1% (BMJ meta-analysis) First-in-class ChEMBL confirmed
    How dual targeting produces superior results:
    ChEMBL confirms semaglutide (CHEMBL2108724, approved 2017) as a GLP-1 receptor agonist with black box warning, and tirzepatide (CHEMBL4297839, approved 2022, first-in-class) as a dual GIP+GLP-1 receptor agonist. The key chemical difference: tirzepatide engineers two pharmacophore regions — one that binds the GLP-1 receptor and one that binds the GIP receptor — into a single 39-amino acid peptide backbone. GIP receptor activation specifically amplifies fat cell (adipocyte) lipid uptake and clearance, and enhances β-cell insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, which the GLP-1 arm alone cannot do. This additive mechanism is why the JAMA Internal Medicine 2024 cohort study (41,222 patients) showed tirzepatide producing 6.9% greater weight loss than semaglutide at 12 months.
    Generalised Dose Ranges (FDA-Approved Clinical Protocol)
    Semaglutide start: 0.25 mg/week SC
    Semaglutide max: 2.4 mg/week SC
    Tirzepatide start: 2.5 mg/week SC
    Tirzepatide max: 15 mg/week SC
    Prescription-only. Both carry FDA black box warnings (thyroid C-cell tumour risk in rodents). GI side effects common. Physician monitoring required.
    JAMA 2024 Head-to-Head BMJ Meta-Analysis 2024 ChEMBL: Tirzepatide

    Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1)

    Approved: China, Italy, SE Asia

    28-amino acid peptide · Originally isolated from thymic tissue · Immune modulator

    Immune activation Infection defence Cancer adjunct Vaccine enhancer
    Mechanism — How 28 Amino Acids Rebuild Immune Function
    Ac Ser Asp Ala Ala Val Asp Thr Ser Ser Glu Ile Thr N-acetyl = TLR binding key Binds TLR-9 → dendritic cell activation C-terminus → IL-12 / IFN-γ release ↑ T-cell proliferation ↑ NK cell activity ↑ cytokine signalling cascade
    How Tα1 restores immune function:
    Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino acid peptide naturally secreted by the thymus gland. Its critical functional element is the N-terminal acetyl group — a chemical modification at the very first amino acid that acts as the "key" enabling it to bind Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) on dendritic cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. This TLR-9 binding triggers a downstream signalling cascade releasing IL-12 and IFN-γ (interferon-gamma), which activate both T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells. The C-terminal region (Ser-Glu end) further stimulates cytokine production independently of TLR-9. Based on PubMed research (King & Tuthill 2016, Vitamins & Hormones), this dual-site mechanism explains why Tα1 is effective against both cancer-related immune suppression (low T-cell function) and infectious disease (low NK activity) — it operates on multiple branches of the innate immune system simultaneously.
    Generalised Dose Range (Clinical Research)
    Standard: 1.6 mg SC twice/week
    Intensive: 1.6 mg SC daily × 7 days
    Duration: 6 months (hepatitis protocol)
    Route: Subcutaneous injection
    Vitamins & Hormones 2016

    CJC-1295

    GHRH Analog · 8-day half-life

    Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Analogue · Albumin-binding DAC form

    Muscle gain GH releaseIGF-1 boostSleep qualityFat metabolism
    Chemical Mechanism — How the Albumin-Binding Structure Creates a 8-Day Half-Life
    Tyr Ala Asp Ala Ile Phe Thr Asn Ser DAC Arg Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) → binds serum albumin Albumin half-life 8 days Binds GHRH receptors in pituitary ↑ GH release 46% (Ionescu 2006) ↑ IGF-1 by 45% (PubMed verified)
    How CJC-1295's albumin-binding structure produces a prolonged GH pulse:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1702, Ionescu & Frohman, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006), CJC-1295 is a GHRH analogue modified with a Drug Affinity Complex (DAC) — a reactive maleimido-propionic acid group that covalently attaches to cysteine-34 on serum albumin after injection. Natural GHRH has a half-life under 7 minutes because it is rapidly cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). By permanently hitchhiking onto albumin — itself with a 19-day half-life — CJC-1295 achieves a half-life of approximately 8 days. The PubMed-indexed clinical trial in healthy men showed a single injection increased mean GH levels by 46% and IGF-1 by 45%, with natural pulsatility preserved. This distinguishes it from continuous GH infusion, which suppresses pituitary function over time.
    Generalised Dose Range (Clinical Research)
    Standard dose: 1–2 mg/week SC
    Research dose: 60–90 mcg/kg (Ionescu 2006)
    Frequency: Once weekly (8-day half-life)
    Stack: Often combined with Ipamorelin
    Not FDA-approved for general use. Research chemical classification in many jurisdictions. All data from PubMed-indexed studies — physician consultation required.
    J Clin Endocrinol 2006 Am J Physiol 2006

    Epithalon (Epitalon)

    4 Amino Acids · Telomerase activator

    Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly · Derived from bovine pineal gland extract · V.Khavinson Institute, St. Petersburg

    Longevity Telomere lengthening Sleep regulation Neurological protection Retinal health
    Structure — How 4 Amino Acids Activate Telomerase
    AlaA GluE AspD GlyG N-terminal Ala → PCNA binding Asp-Gly → telomerase activation ↑ Telomere length ↓ Melatonin decline ↑ Lifespan (murine 25%) ↑ Retinal cell survival
    How 4 amino acids slow cellular ageing:
    Epithalon is the smallest known naturally occurring tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly), originally isolated from bovine pineal gland extract by Professor Vladimir Khavinson's group in St. Petersburg. Its N-terminal alanine binds to PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen), triggering telomerase — the enzyme that rebuilds telomeres, the protective caps at chromosome ends that shorten with each cell division. The aspartate-glycine C-terminal pair independently modulates pineal melatonin secretion, restoring circadian rhythm and sleep architecture. Rodent studies report up to 25% lifespan extension. Human trials (ophthalmology, reported in Neuro Endocrinol Lett) showed improved retinal function in elderly patients. The 4-amino-acid structure is unusually stable and can cross cellular membranes without requiring a carrier system.
    Generalised Dose Range (Research / Clinical)
    Short course: 5–10 mg/day SC × 10 days
    Maintenance: 2× per year, 10-day cycles
    Route: Subcutaneous injection or oral
    Evidence: Human trials (ophthalmology); rodent lifespan data
    Most human trial data from Khavinson Institute, Russia. Limited large-scale Western RCTs. Not FDA approved. Physician consultation required.
    Innerbody: Epithalon Guide
    Research Attribution — PubMed / National Library of Medicine
    All peptide data on this page is sourced from peer-reviewed articles retrieved via PubMed. Key references: Gwyer et al. 2019 (BPC-157, Cell & Tissue Research) · Seiwerth et al. 2021 (BPC-157, Frontiers in Pharmacology) · Rodriguez et al. 2024 (Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide, JAMA Internal Medicine) · Yao et al. 2024 (GLP-1 meta-analysis, BMJ) · King & Tuthill 2016 (Thymosin Alpha-1, Vitamins & Hormones)
    GH Fragment · Fat Metabolism

    AOD-9604 (HGH Fragment 176–191)

    Fat burningVisceral fatLean mass sparingSafe on IGF-1
    Chemical Structure — 16 C-Terminal Amino Acids of HGH
    Leu Arg Ile Val Gln Cys Arg Ser Val Glu Gly Ser Cys Gly Phe Cys–Cys disulfide bridge → lipolytic signal Ser-Val core → β3-AR adrenergic activation
    How AOD-9604 burns fat without raising IGF-1:
    AOD-9604 is residues 176–191 of human growth hormone — only the C-terminal fragment. The two cysteine residues at positions 182 and 189 form a disulfide bridge that creates a loop structure which binds to the beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) in adipose tissue. This triggers lipolysis (fat breakdown) in the same way as full GH but without stimulating the IGF-1 axis — meaning no anabolic growth effects, no insulin resistance, and no suppression of natural GH production. Based on PubMed research (Zieba 2007, Postepy Hig Med Dosw, PMID 17971763), AOD-9604 was classified as a thermogenic agent under clinical development for obesity.
    Generalised Dose Range (Research)
    Standard: 250–500 mcg/day SC
    Oral: 1 mg/day (studied in trials)
    Timing: Fasted state morning
    Cycle: 12–16 weeks
    Not FDA approved for general use. Phase 3 trials conducted but withdrawn. Research-only classification in most jurisdictions.
    PubMed PMID 17971763
    FDA Approved 2019 · Melanocortin Agonist

    Bremelanotide (PT-141 / Vyleesi™)

    Sexual desire (HSDD)CNS-mediatedFDA Approved
    Cyclic Peptide Structure — MC4R Brain Receptor Binding
    His Phe Arg Trp Lys Nle Cyclic structure → metabolic stability (30 min t½) Trp-Arg pharmacophore → MC4R agonism in hypothalamus
    How bremelanotide activates sexual desire via the brain:
    According to PubMed (Dhillon & Keam 2019, Drugs, doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01187-w), bremelanotide is a synthetic cyclic peptide analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Its cyclic ring structure — formed by linking the N and C termini — gives it a half-life of approximately 30 minutes and resistance to enzymatic degradation. The tryptophan-arginine pharmacophore in the ring binds selectively to melanocortin type 4 receptors (MC4R) in the hypothalamus, activating brain pathways involved in sexual arousal — without acting on peripheral vasculature. Unlike sildenafil (Viagra), it acts centrally on desire, not mechanically on blood flow. FDA approved in 2019 for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women.
    Dose (FDA-Approved Clinical Protocol)
    Dose: 1.75 mg SC per use
    Timing: 45 min before sexual activity
    Frequency: Max 1 dose per 24 hours
    Trade name: Vyleesi™ (AMAG Pharma)
    Common side effects: nausea, flushing, headache, transient blood pressure increase. Prescription only.
    Dhillon & Keam 2019 · Drugs
    Nootropic · Anxiolytic · Russian origin

    Selank (TP-7)

    Anxiety reduction Cognitive enhancement Neuroprotection
    7-Amino Acid Structure — Tuftsin + Pro-Gly-Pro Extension
    Thr Lys Pro Arg Pro Gly Pro Tuftsin core → immune + BDNF Pro-Gly-Pro → BBB cross / anxiolytic
    How Selank reduces anxiety while enhancing cognition:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Panikratova et al. 2020, Dokl Biol Sci, doi:10.1134/S001249662001007X), Selank is a synthetic 7-amino acid peptide that combines the tuftsin tetrapeptide (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) with a Pro-Gly-Pro stabilising extension. fMRI in 52 healthy human subjects showed Selank significantly modulates functional connectivity between the right amygdala and temporal cortex — the exact circuit driving anxiety. The tuftsin core also upregulates BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and IL-2, supporting neuronal survival. The Pro-Gly-Pro tail enables crossing of the blood-brain barrier and extends the half-life beyond the native tuftsin peptide.
    Generalised Dose Range (Research)
    Intranasal: 250–750 mcg/day
    SC injection: 250–500 mcg/day
    Duration: 10–14 day cycles
    Status: Approved Russia; research elsewhere
    Approved in Russia as anxiolytic. Unregulated research chemical in US/EU/UK. Human fMRI data limited. Physician consultation required.
    Panikratova et al. 2020 · Dokl Biol Sci
    Mitochondrial-Encoded · Metabolic Regulator

    MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of 12S rRNA Type-c)

    Insulin sensitivityMetabolic flexibility Anti-ageingExercise mimetic
    Mitochondria-Encoded 16-AA Peptide — AMPK Activation Pathway
    Met Arg Trp Gln Leu Ser Pro His Pro His Pro His Gln Thr Phe Unique: encoded in mitochondrial DNA (mt-12S rRNA) His-Pro cluster → AMPK activation → glucose uptake ↑
    Why MOTS-c is unique — it's encoded in the mitochondria, not the nucleus:
    MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid peptide encoded directly within mitochondrial DNA (the 12S ribosomal RNA gene) — making it one of only a handful of known mitochondria-encoded peptides. When mitochondrial stress occurs during exercise or fasting, MOTS-c is released into circulation and translocates to the nucleus, where it activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) — the master metabolic switch. This increases glucose uptake into cells without requiring insulin, improves insulin sensitivity, and upregulates fatty acid oxidation. The His-Pro-His-Pro repeating cluster in the C-terminal region is the functional pharmacophore driving AMPK activation. Animal studies show lifespan extension in mice.
    Generalised Dose Range (Preclinical / Early Human Research)
    Animal studies: 5–15 mg/kg IP or SC
    Human trials: Phase 1 ongoing (USC)
    Timing: Pre-exercise or fasted
    Evidence: Strong preclinical; limited human data
    Human clinical trial data is very limited. No established safe human dose. Preclinical compound only. Physician consultation essential.
    Search PubMed: MOTS-c
    MC1R / MC4R Agonist · Tanning · Skin Pigmentation

    Melanotan II (MT-II)

    Sun tanning Melanin stimulation Sexual function Appetite suppression
    Cyclic Heptapeptide Structure — How the MC1R Bond Drives Melanin Production
    His D-Phe Arg Trp Lys Nle Ac D-Phe4 pharmacophore → MC1R selectivity Trp-Arg core → cAMP cascade → melanin Cyclic bridge
    How MT-II triggers skin tanning without UV:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Hadley & Dorr 2006, Peptides, doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2005.01.029), Melanotan II is a cyclic heptapeptide analogue of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). The D-phenylalanine at position 4 (D-Phe4) is the critical pharmacophore — the unnatural D-amino acid configuration locks the peptide into a shape that binds melanocortin-1 receptors (MC1R) on melanocytes 100× more potently than natural α-MSH. MC1R activation triggers adenylyl cyclase, raising intracellular cAMP, which activates the tyrosinase enzyme chain that converts tyrosine into melanin — the pigment responsible for skin darkening. This happens independently of UV light, though UV amplifies the effect. The cyclic disulfide bridge between residues 4–9 makes the molecule resistant to enzymatic degradation, explaining its prolonged action (t½ ~3 hours vs ~2 minutes for linear α-MSH). PubMed PMID 24355990 (doi:10.1159/000356389) documents a case of melanoma in a user — this is the key safety concern.
    Serious Safety Warning
    PubMed case reports document melanoma occurring during MT-II use. Because MT-II broadly stimulates melanocytes, it may activate dormant naevi or precancerous lesions. Dermatology screening before use is essential. Any changing mole during use should be evaluated immediately. MT-II is unlicensed everywhere — not FDA, EMA, or TGA approved. Sale and purchase are illegal in many jurisdictions.
    Common side effects: nausea (strong), spontaneous erections, facial flushing, fatigue, yawning. Dose-dependent.
    Hadley & Dorr 2006 · Peptides Melanoma Case Report 2013
    Gly-His-Lys-Cu²⁺ · Skin & Hair · Anti-ageing

    GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide)

    Hair follicle growth Skin tightening Collagen synthesis Wound healing Anti-ageing
    3-Amino Acid Structure + Cu²⁺ — How a Tripeptide Regulates 300+ Genes
    GlyG HisH LysK Cu²⁺ Copper Coordinate bond N-terminus → albumin binding His → Cu²⁺ chelation site Lys → secondary Cu²⁺ anchor
    How three amino acids control skin and hair biology:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Pickart 2008, J Biomater Sci Polym Ed, doi:10.1163/156856208784909435), GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring human tripeptide (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine) that forms a tight complex with copper-2+ ions. The histidine imidazole ring is the primary copper chelation site — its lone pair electrons coordinate directly to Cu²⁺. This copper complex activates a remarkable array of biological processes: it upregulates synthesis of collagen, elastin, VEGF, FGF-2, nerve growth factor, and erythropoietin simultaneously. For hair growth, GHK-Cu specifically enlarges hair follicle size and stimulates follicle keratinocyte proliferation. For skin, controlled human trials showed measurable improvement in elasticity, firmness, fine lines, wrinkles, and photodamage. The copper ion appears to act as a transcription factor co-activator, with one study finding GHK-Cu modulates 31.2% of the human genome — 54 biological pathways simultaneously.
    Generalised Dose Range (Research)
    Topical: 0.1–1% concentration in serums/creams
    Injectable: 1–2 mg/day SC (research use)
    Hair scalp: 5% solution applied daily
    Safety profile: Excellent — occurs naturally in blood
    Pickart 2008 · J Biomater Sci Polym Ed
    43 Amino Acids · Actin-Sequestering · Multi-tissue Repair

    Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500 / TB4)

    Cardiac repair Muscle/tendon healing Neurological protection Eye health Hair growth
    Functional Domains — LKKTET Actin-Binding Sequence Drives Repair
    AA 1–16: Signal peptide LKKTET Actin-sequestering core Binds G-actin → cell migration cascade AA 23–43: Cardiac progenitor activation domain Wound healing ↑ 3-4× New blood vessels ↑ Cardiac progenitors ↑ Anti-inflammatory
    How TB4's LKKTET sequence repairs tissue systemically:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Shrivastava et al. 2010, Ann NY Acad Sci, doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05468.x), Thymosin Beta-4 is a 43-amino acid peptide that was originally discovered in the thymus. Its key functional domain is the LKKTET hexapeptide sequence (residues 17–22), which sequesters G-actin monomers and controls the actin polymerisation dynamics essential for cell migration. When a tissue is injured, cells must migrate into the wound site — TB4 enables this by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Separately, the C-terminal domain activates resident cardiac progenitor cells, making TB4 "the first known molecule able to initiate simultaneous myocardial and vascular regeneration after systemic administration." It also promotes hair follicle stem cell activation, corneal wound healing, and peripheral nerve regeneration — a uniquely broad repair profile from one peptide.
    Generalised Dose Range (Research)
    Standard SC: 5–20 mg/week
    Loading phase: 20 mg/week × 6 weeks
    Maintenance: 5–10 mg/week
    Evidence: Strong animal; limited human RCTs
    Not FDA approved. Placed on WADA prohibited list. Research chemical classification. TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of TB4. Physician consultation required.
    Shrivastava et al. 2010 · Ann NY Acad Sci
    Lys-Pro-Val · α-MSH C-terminal · Anti-inflammatory

    KPV Tripeptide

    IBD / gut inflammation Skin wound healing Systemic anti-inflammatory Oral bioavailability
    C-Terminal Fragment of α-MSH — NF-κB Pathway Suppression
    α-MSH full sequence (13 amino acids) KPV (AA 11-13) Lys Pro Val Blocks NF-κB signalling → reduced cytokines Crosses gut epithelium → oral route effective
    How three amino acids reduce gut and systemic inflammation:
    KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It retains the anti-inflammatory activity of the full 13-residue α-MSH but is so small it can cross intestinal epithelium intact — making it one of the only peptides with genuine oral bioavailability for gut-targeted effects. Its key mechanism is suppression of the NF-κB transcription factor pathway — the central regulator of pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In murine models of inflammatory bowel disease, KPV administered orally reduced colonic inflammation markers to near-normal levels. Applied topically, KPV accelerates wound healing via the same anti-inflammatory pathway. The proline (Pro) residue in the middle provides structural rigidity that makes KPV resistant to peptidase degradation in the gut — unusual for such a small peptide.
    Generalised Dose Range (Preclinical / Early Research)
    Oral: 0.5–2 mg/day (limited human data)
    Topical: 0.01–0.1% in formulations
    SC injection: 200–500 mcg/day
    Evidence: Strong murine IBD; limited human
    Research peptide — no approved clinical product. Most human data extrapolated from α-MSH trials. Physician consultation required.
    Search PubMed: KPV tripeptide
    21-AA Mitochondrial Peptide · Neuroprotection · Longevity

    Humanin (HN)

    Neuroprotection Alzheimer's protection Longevity / lifespan Insulin sensitivity Anti-apoptotic
    Mitochondrial 21-AA Sequence — Centenarians Have 2× Higher Circulating Levels
    Met Ala Pro Arg Gly Phe Ser18 Cys Leu Leu Leu Thr Ser Glu Ile Ser18Gly → HNG analogue (100× potency) Children of centenarians have 2× higher circulating humanin levels Alzheimer's & MELAS patients have significantly decreased humanin levels
    Why Humanin circulating levels predict longevity:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Yen et al. 2020, Aging, doi:10.18632/aging.103534), Humanin is a 21-amino acid peptide encoded within the 12S ribosomal RNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. Overexpression of humanin in C. elegans extended lifespan by a statistically significant margin. Transgenic mice overexpressing humanin showed improved protection against toxic insults and improved metabolic parameters. The study found that children of centenarians — who are significantly more likely to reach 100 themselves — have approximately two-fold higher circulating humanin levels than age-matched controls. Humanin levels decline with age, but remain unusually stable in naked mole-rats (a model of negligible senescence). The Ser18→Gly substitution (creating the HNG analogue) increases potency 100-fold without altering the sequence elsewhere.
    Generalised Dose Range (Preclinical / Phase 1)
    Animal studies: 1–4 mg/kg IP or SC
    HNG analogue: 100× more potent — lower doses
    Human trials: Early Phase 1 (USC Longevity)
    Evidence: Very strong preclinical; limited human
    No established human dose. Preclinical compound only. Human trials in early phase at USC. Physician consultation essential.
    Yen et al. 2020 · Aging (Albany NY)
    37 AA · Human Cathelicidin · Skin Immunity & Wound Healing

    LL-37 (Cathelicidin / hCAP-18)

    Antimicrobial Wound healing Skin immunity Acne pathways Angiogenesis
    Amphipathic Alpha-Helix — How LL-37 Kills Bacteria and Heals Skin
    Cationic face: Leu-Leu-Arg-Lys (positive charge) Hydrophobic face: Ile-Val-Leu-Phe Electrostatic attraction → binds bacterial membrane (neg. charge) Hydrophobic insertion → membrane disruption → bacterial lysis Wound signals → keratinocyte migration → re-epithelialisation VEGF upregulation → angiogenesis into wound
    How LL-37's amphipathic helix simultaneously kills bacteria and promotes healing:
    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed (Niyonsaba et al. 2017, Exp Dermatol, doi:10.1111/exd.13314), LL-37 is the only human member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides. It forms an amphipathic alpha-helix — one face is lined with positively charged amino acids (Leu-Leu-Arg-Lys), the other with hydrophobic residues (Ile-Val-Leu-Phe). The cationic face electrostatically targets the negatively charged bacterial outer membrane; the hydrophobic face then inserts into the lipid bilayer, disrupting membrane integrity and killing the bacterium. This "kill by membrane disruption" mechanism means bacteria cannot easily evolve resistance. Beyond antimicrobial activity, LL-37 independently promotes keratinocyte proliferation, migration, wound re-epithelialisation, and VEGF-driven angiogenesis — a dual role of defence and repair in skin.
    Clinical Applications
    Used in wound care research; injectable forms under investigation. Topical LL-37 preparations used experimentally in chronic wounds and psoriasis. Available from research vendors — physician-supervised use only.
    Research peptide. No approved topical or injectable LL-37 product. Rosacea patients: LL-37 is implicated in rosacea pathology — use with caution. Physician consultation required.
    Niyonsaba et al. 2017 · Exp Dermatol

    Trusted Sources & Further Reading

    All factual content on this page is derived from peer-reviewed studies in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) — the gold standard for biomedical research. For consumer-facing guides that translate this research into plain language, Innerbody Research (innerbody.com) is one of the most rigorously reviewed health editorial sites available, with every peptide article vetted by a Medical Review Board and cross-referenced against 1,000+ research hours per topic.

    Why we can't connect directly to Innerbody: Innerbody is an editorial content website — not a database with a public API. Unlike PubMed (which provides a free, open API that we access via the PubMed MCP connector), Innerbody publishes articles for human readers. Scraping or programmatically pulling their content would violate their Terms of Service. Instead, we link directly to their relevant guides below so you can read them yourself.

    Beginner's Guide to Peptide Therapy
    innerbody.com · Medical Board Reviewed
    Best Peptides for Weight Loss 2026
    innerbody.com · 1,000+ research hours
    Best Peptides for Muscle Growth 2026
    innerbody.com · Medical Board Reviewed
    Best Place to Buy Peptides Safely
    innerbody.com · Pharmaceutical-grade only
    Epitalon — Anti-Ageing Peptide Guide
    innerbody.com · 50+ hours of research
    Search PubMed: Therapeutic Peptides
    National Library of Medicine · Peer-reviewed

    Cycle log

    Track your protocols over time. When you also log bloodwork in the Lab Tracker, Chairside connects the two on your dashboard — showing how your markers shift across a cycle.

    PubMed Research-Based

    Student Health Hub

    College and university students experience a distinct set of health risks driven by shared living, academic stress, disrupted sleep, and new social environments. Every condition below is sourced from PubMed / National Library of Medicine.

    18.4%Depression prevalence
    23.6%Anxiety prevalence
    63.2%Report poor sleep
    34.5%High stress symptoms
    Statistics: Ramón-Arbués et al. 2020, Int J Environ Res Public Health — doi:10.3390/ijerph17197001
    Most common · Mental Health

    Depression

    Persistent low mood Loss of interest Fatigue

    Based on articles retrieved from PubMed, depression affects 18.4% of college students — driven by academic pressure, social isolation, financial stress, and major life transitions. Symptoms include persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, difficulty concentrating, changes in appetite, and sleep disturbance lasting more than 2 weeks.

    What to do
    1. Visit your campus health or counselling centre — most offer free sessions
    2. Speak with a GP about a formal PHQ-9 depression screen
    3. Consider CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy) — NICE-recommended first line
    4. Exercise 150 min/week — shown to reduce depression symptoms
    5. Avoid alcohol — it is a depressant and worsens symptoms
    See GP if symptoms last >2 weeks PubMed source
    #1 Most prevalent · Mental Health

    Anxiety Disorder

    Constant worry Panic attacks Avoidance

    According to PubMed research, anxiety is the most prevalent mental health condition in college students at 23.6%, with stress symptoms affecting 34.5%. Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety, and panic disorder are especially common. Triggers include exam deadlines, social performance, financial pressure, and fear of failure.

    What to do
    1. GAD-7 screening questionnaire — available free online
    2. Campus counselling centres offer CBT and DBT sessions
    3. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) — strong evidence base
    4. Limit caffeine — significantly worsens anxiety symptoms
    5. Regular aerobic exercise reduces cortisol levels
    Panic attacks warrant GP assessment PubMed source
    Affects 63% of students · Lifestyle

    Sleep Disorders & Insomnia

    Insomnia Delayed sleep phase Hypersomnia

    Based on PubMed research (Al-Khani et al. 2019), 63.2% of students have poor sleep quality, strongly linked to depression, anxiety, and stress. Irregular schedules, late-night screen time, caffeine overconsumption, and shared noisy accommodation are primary drivers. Poor sleep impairs memory consolidation, immune function, and emotional regulation.

    What to do
    1. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule even on weekends
    2. Screen-free 30 minutes before bed — blue light suppresses melatonin
    3. Avoid caffeine after 2pm
    4. If insomnia persists >3 weeks, ask your GP about CBT-I (Insomnia)
    5. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) — free self-screen tool
    Often manageable with lifestyle changes PubMed source
    Peak ages 15–24 · Viral

    Glandular Fever (Mono / EBV)

    EBV virus Sore throat + swollen glands Extreme fatigue weeks

    Retrieved from PubMed (Leung et al. 2024), infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus most commonly affects people aged 15–24 — exactly the college demographic. It spreads through saliva (nicknamed "the kissing disease"). The classic triad is fever + severe sore throat + swollen lymph nodes. Extreme fatigue can last 3+ months. Splenomegaly occurs in ~50% of cases — avoiding contact sports is critical.

    What to do
    1. See a GP — monospot blood test confirms diagnosis
    2. Rest and fluids — treatment is supportive, no antibiotic cure
    3. Avoid contact sports for 8 weeks (spleen rupture risk)
    4. Do not take amoxicillin/ampicillin — causes severe rash in mono
    5. Return to GP if severe abdominal pain develops (splenic rupture emergency)
    No sport for 8 weeks — spleen rupture risk PubMed source
    EMERGENCY · Higher risk in dorms

    Meningococcal Meningitis

    Medical emergency Fever + stiff neck Non-blanching rash

    Based on PubMed research (Butler 2006), college students — especially first-year students living in dormitories — have a significantly higher incidence of meningococcal meningitis than the general population. Immunisation can prevent up to 83% of cases. Key symptoms: sudden severe headache, stiff neck, fever, photophobia, and a non-blanching rash (does not fade when pressed with a glass). This is a life-threatening emergency.

    Emergency Action
    1. Call 911 (US) or 999 (UK) IMMEDIATELY if you suspect meningitis
    2. Non-blanching rash = call emergency services right now
    3. Do not wait — meningitis can kill within 24 hours
    4. Ensure you are vaccinated before starting university (MenACWY)
    5. Check your university's mandatory vaccination requirements
    Call emergency services immediately PubMed source
    Common on campus · Mental-Physical

    Eating Disorders

    Anorexia / Bulimia Body image distress Academic impact

    Based on data from 231,586 students in the National College Health Assessment (Claydon & Zullig 2019), eating disorders significantly affect academic performance and quality of life on campus. The transition to independent living, dining hall culture, peer comparison, and social media body image pressure are key drivers. Students treated with medication and therapy showed significantly better academic outcomes.

    What to do
    1. Speak to your campus health centre confidentially
    2. National Alliance for Eating Disorders helpline: 1-866-662-1235
    3. GP referral to specialist eating disorder service
    4. Combined medication + psychotherapy shown most effective
    5. Peer support groups available at most universities
    Seek help early — delays worsen outcomes PubMed source
    Disproportionate in young adults · Sexual Health

    Sexually Transmitted Infections

    Chlamydia HPV Often asymptomatic

    According to PubMed (von Rosen et al. 2018), STIs disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. Chlamydia is the most common bacterial STI and is frequently asymptomatic — meaning students often don't know they have it. HPV is widespread, but the vaccine (available at most campus health centres) prevents the most dangerous strains. Regular sexual health screening is part of standard student healthcare at most universities.

    What to do
    1. Annual sexual health screening is recommended for all sexually active students
    2. Home chlamydia test kits — often free from campus health services
    3. HPV vaccination if not already received — highly effective
    4. Use barrier contraception consistently
    5. Campus sexual health clinics are confidential — no information shared
    Highly treatable if caught early PubMed source
    Campus culture risk · Substance

    Alcohol & Substance Misuse

    Binge drinking Stimulant misuse Academic decline

    Alcohol misuse and stimulant drug use (Adderall, modafinil) for academic performance are disproportionately common in university populations. Based on PubMed data, problematic alcohol use is independently associated with anxiety symptoms in college students. Stimulant misuse for studying is linked to insomnia, anxiety, cardiovascular risk, and dependence.

    What to do
    1. AUDIT-C alcohol screening questionnaire — 3 quick questions
    2. Campus wellbeing services offer confidential addiction support
    3. Never use prescription stimulants not prescribed to you
    4. SAMHSA National Helpline (US): 1-800-662-4357 — free and confidential
    5. Speak to your GP about prescription stimulant concerns
    Seek help early — dependency progresses PubMed source
    Research Attribution — PubMed / National Library of Medicine
    All statistics and condition data on this page are sourced from peer-reviewed articles retrieved via PubMed: Ramón-Arbués et al. 2020 (Depression, Anxiety & Stress, Int J Environ Res Public Health) · Al-Khani et al. 2019 (Sleep Quality, BMC Res Notes) · Leung et al. 2024 (Infectious Mononucleosis, Curr Pediatr Rev) · Butler 2006 (Meningococcal Meningitis, Worldviews Evid Based Nurs) · Claydon & Zullig 2019 (Eating Disorders, J Am Coll Health) · von Rosen et al. 2018 (STIs, Int J Environ Res Public Health)
    This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you are in crisis or experiencing a mental health emergency, contact your local emergency services, campus crisis line, or the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline (US: call or text 988).
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    SLEEP & WEARABLES

    Your sleep, analyzed

    Bring in sleep data from your Apple Watch, Fitbit, Garmin, or Oura Ring, and Chairside evaluates your duration, consistency, and quality against evidence-based guidance from the CDC and NIH — then tells you what's working and what to improve.

    Connect your device

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    Apple has no web API. In the Health app, tap your photo → Export All Health Data, unzip it, and drop export.xml below.

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    Import a Fitbit sleep export (sleep.json) — the reliable option. Steps below.

    Garmin
    Connect export

    Garmin's health API is partner-only. Export your sleep from Garmin Connect (or sync Garmin → Apple Health) and drop the file here.

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    Export your sleep from the Oura app or cloud.ouraring.com (CSV or JSON) and drop it below. Steps below.

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    Vitals · Heart Health

    Blood Pressure Tracker

    Log your readings over time and instantly see where each one falls on the American Heart Association scale — so you and your clinician can spot trends early.

    Categories follow the American Heart Association guidelines; general info from MedlinePlus (NLM). This is an educational tool, not a diagnosis — discuss any concerning reading with a licensed clinician.

    Log a reading

    AHA blood pressure categories

    NormalBelow 120 / 80
    Elevated120–129 / below 80
    Hypertension Stage 1130–139 / 80–89
    Hypertension Stage 2140+ / 90+
    Hypertensive crisisAbove 180 / 120

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